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HTML Reference Guide
Author: Randy D. Ralph.   In place March 1, 1999.   Copyright © 1999 NetStrider.   Presented as a public service.

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Select the Letter Corresponding to an HTML Command Parameter
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Command Parameter
and Definition
Corresponding Parameter Values
and Commands with Examples
action="  "

Defines the URL to which form output will be directed.  If the action parameter is omitted then the URL of the document, itself, if assumed.

Expressed as a target URL (Uniform Resource Locator).

<FORM>

Example:

action="http://www.txsi.com/cgi-bin/form.pl"
align=

Defines the alignment of an object, element or some text.

absbottom  absmiddle  abstop

<IMG>

Example:

align=abstop
baseline

<COL> <COLGROUP> <TD> <TH> <TR>

Example:

align=baseline
bottom  top

<CAPTION> <IMG>

Example:

align=top
justify

<COL> <COLGROUP>

Example:

align=justify
left  middle (center)  right

<APPLET> <CAPTION> <COL> <COLGROUP> <H1> <H2> <H3> <H4> <H5> <H6> <HR> <IMG> <P> <SPACER> <TABLE> <TD> <TH> <TR>

Example:

align=middle
alink=

Defines the default color displayed momentarily when a link is clicked on.

Expressed as a named color or as the hexadecimal code of a specific color in #RRGGBB format.

<BODY>

Examples:

alink="blue"alink="#ff0000"
alt="  "

Defines some alternate text which is displayed either while an inline image is loading or in place of the image if it cannot be displayed, as in a text-based browser, or if the user has turned off inline image displays.

Can be any text, but it should be indicative of image content because it may be used by browsers to locate images.

<IMG>

Example:

alt="George Washington - Copley portrait"
background="  "

Defines a background image which will be used as the backdrop for the page.

Expressed as the URL to the desired background image.

<BODY>

Example:

background="images/back01.jpg"
bgcolor="  "

Defines the default background color of the screen used for the page.

Expressed as a named color or as the hexadecimal code of a specific color in #RRGGBB format.

<BODY>

Examples:

bgcolor="white" bgcolor="#ffffff"
bgproperties=

Used in conjunction with the background parameter in the Internet Explorer browser, this command attribute will allow a background image to float on a page like a watermark.

fixed

<BODY>

Example:

bgproperties=fixed
border=

Defines the width in pixels of the border surrounding a bordered object.

Expressed as the number of pixels.

All commands using this parameter.

Example:

border=10
bordercolor="  "

Defines the color applied to the border of a bordered object.

Expressed as a named color or as the hexadecimal code of a specific color in #RRGGBB format.  The attribute is recognized only by the Internet Explorer browser.

<FRAME> <TABLE> <TD> <TH> <TR>

Examples:

bordercolor="blue" bordercolor="#0000ff"
bordercolordark="  "

Defines the color applied to the dark side of the 3D border of a bordered object.

Expressed as a named color or as the hexadecimal code of a specific color in #RRGGBB format.  The attribute is recognized only by the Internet Explorer browser.

<TABLE> <TD> <TH> <TR>

Examples:

bordercolor="gray" bordercolor="#666666"
bordercolorlight="  "

Defines the color applied to the light side of the 3D border of a bordered object.

Expressed as a named color or as the hexadecimal code of a specific color in #RRGGBB format.  The attribute is recognized only by the Internet Explorer browser.

<TABLE> <TD> <TH> <TR>

Examples:

bordercolor="aliceblue" bordercolor="#eeeeff"
cellpadding=

Defines the standoff or amount of white space between the edges of a table cell and the table data.

Expressed as the number of pixels.

<TABLE>

Example:

cellpadding=10
cellspacing=

Defines the amount of space or gutter to allow between table cells in a table.

Expressed as the number of pixels.

<TABLE>

Example:

cellspacing=5
class value.

<COMMAND>

Example:

example
classid value.

<COMMAND>

Example:

example
clear=

Defines the mode in which the browser should clear the margins after the placement of an aligned inline image.  Value all clears both margins.

all  left  right

<BR>

Example:

clear=all
color="  "

Defines the color attribute of the HTML object to which it is applied, generally text.

Can be expressed either as a named color or as the hexadecimal code of a specific color in #RRGGBB format.

<BASEFONT> <FONT> <HR> (Internet Explorer only)

Examples:

color="green" color="#00ff00"
cols=

Defines the number of columns in a multicolumn formated text area.

Expressed as an integer.

<MULTICOL>

Example:

cols=3
content="  "

Defines the content of a named META tag in the document HEAD segment.

Can be any text but it should accurately reflect and be appropriate to the named META tag element to which it is applied.

<META>

Example:

content="Copyright © 1999 Randy D. Ralph"
coords="  "

A comma-delmited list of cartesian coordinates used to define the area surrounded by a clickable shape in an inline mapped image.  The shape parameter must also be used.

A comma-delimited list of paired cartesian coordinates, in pixels, for rectangles and ploygons.  The circle shape requires pixel coordinates for the center and a value for the radius, in pixels.  The upper left corner of the mapped inline image is the 0,0 point.

<MAP>

Examples:

shape=circle coords="10,20,30" shape=poly coords="0,0,0,100,50,66" shape=rect coords="10,10,20,100"
delay value.

<COMMAND>

Example:

example
enctype value.

<COMMAND>

Example:

example
face="  "

Defines a single font face or a list of font faces to be used.  Only face names exactly matching those installed on the user's microcomputer can be displayed.  The first matching font face presented in the font name list is accepted and displayed.

Any font face name.

<BASEFONT> <FONT>

Example:

face="geneva, arial, helvetica, helv, futura"
frame value.

<COMMAND>

Example:

example
frameborder=

Used to toggle frame borders on and off or define their width.

Netscape allows only yes/no.  The default value is yes.
Internet Explorer allows definition of frame border width in pixels.  Obviously, setting the value to 0 toggles borders off.  See also:  noframeborder.

<FRAME> <FRAMESET>

Examples:

frameborder="no" frameborder=0
framespacing=

Defines the amount of the standoff or white space around the inner margin of a frame.

Expressed as pixels.  Specific to the Internet Explorer browser.

<FRAME> <FRAMESET>

Example:

framespacing=8
gutter=

Defines the amount of white space allowed between columns in multicolumn formatted text.

Expressed in pixels.  Netscape browser only.

<MULTICOL>

Example:

gutter=10
height=

Defines the height of any object or element.

Expressed in pixels.

All commands using this parameter.

Example:

height=32
href="  "

Defines the location which is the object of hypertext reference anchor (link) or a default base hypertext reference.

Provided as a partial or complete URL (Uniform Resource Locator).

<A> <BASE>

Example:

href="http://www.iconbazaar.com"
hspace=

Defines the horizontal standoff or amount of white space to leave around an object.

Expressed in pixels.

<EMBED> <IMG> <OBJECT>

Example:

hspace=10
http-equiv="  "

Defines the HTTP response header for the document.  This allows the browser and file server to communicate more easily by establishing appropriate protocols and environmental parameters.  It can also contain information useful to filtering software and search engines.

Uses one of several standard values; i.e., PICS-Label, Content-Type.

<META>

Example:

http-equiv="Content-Type"
id="  "

Supported only in Style Sheets by the Internet Explorer browser.  Names a predefined Style Sheet function.  Each id within an HTML document must be unique.

Can be expressed by any name or label.  Each defined id must be unique.

Any command that supports Style Sheet specifications.

Example:

id="redtext"
ismap

Declares an inline image to be a named server-side mapped image.  The server on which the image resides must have the appropriate software installed to parse the image map properly and assign URLs to defined image areas.

Stands alone. Takes no value.

<IMG>

Example:

ismap
leftmargin=

Used in the Internet Explorer browser only to define the left margin of the HTML document.

Expressed in pixels.  See also:  topmargin.

<BODY>

Example:

leftmargin=50
link=

Defines the color used for unvisited hypertext links.

Expressed as a named color or as the hexadecimal code of a specific color in #RRGGBB format.

<BODY>

Examples:

alink="magenta"alink="#ff00ff"
loop="  "

Used in the Internet Explorer browser to define whether or not a video image will loop back to the beginning and how many times it will repeat.

Defined as a positive integer it sets the number of repetitions.  Defined as infinite or -1 it allows continuous looping.  The parameter is specific to the Internet Explorer browser.

<IMG>

Example:

loop="-1"
loopdelay=

Used in the Internet Explorer browser to define the number of milliseconds to ellapse before looping back to the start of a video image.

Expressed in milliseconds.

<IMG>

Example:

loopdelay=20
lowsrc="  "

Defines an alternate low resolution image source to be displayed by the browser while the high resolution image is loading.

Expressed as the URL (Uniform Resource Locator) of the low resolution image.  The parameter is not supported by the Internet Explorer browser.

<IMG>

Example:

lowsrc="images/back_low.jpg"
marginheight

marginwidth

These parameters control the height and width, respectively, of the margins of frames in a framed HTML document.

Expressed in pixels.  A value of 0 is not allowed since the browser cannot allow frames to overlap or touch.  Ideally, these parameters should match for the best esthetic effect.

<FRAME> <FRAMESET>

Examples:

marginheight=10 marginwidth=10
method=

Defines the way in which HTTP will process form output.

Standard values are get and post.  The default value is get and is assumed if the parameter is omitted.

<FORM>

Example:

method=post
methods="  "

A very advanced HTML feature which allows the user to overide or predefine the HTTP methods which a user is allowed to use to access and execute the code in the target URL.

A comma-delimited list of standard HTTP method values available from CERN and UIUC.

<A>

name="  "

Generally specifies a name to a labeled HTML element or object.

Expressed as any unique label name.  Objects or elements in the same class cannot share the same label name.

All commands using this parameter.

Example:

name="label_b"
noframeborder

Toggles a frame border off.

No value is permitted.  The parameter stands alone.  Used in some, but not all browsers.

<FRAME>

Example:

noframeborder
nohref

Indicates a clickable mapped image region where no action is to be taken on mouseover and click.

Takes no value.

<MAP>

Example:

nohref
noresize

Indicates that a frame may not be resized by the user in a framed HTML document.

Takes no value. Stands alone.

<FRAME>

Example:

noresize
noshade

Indicates that a horizontal rule should not be shaded, that is, should not be rendered as embossed, but rather as a solid line.

Takes no value.  Stands alone.

<HR>

Example:

noshade
param name="  "

Defines the names of parameters used in placing and manipulating HTML objects.

Any unique label name can be used.

<OBJECT>

Example:

param name="acute_angle"
rel="  "

An advanced HTML feature which can be used to define a comma-delimited list of relationship values from the hypertext link anchor to the target.

A comma-delimited list of standard HTML relationship values.  Lists of standard relationship values are available at CERN and UIUC.

<A>

rev="  "

An advanced HTML feature which can be used to define a comma-delimited list of reverse relationship values from the hypertext link anchor to the target.

A comma-delimited list of standard HTML reverse relationship values.  Lists of standard relationship values are available at CERN and UIUC.

<A>

rules=

Used only in the Internet Explorer browser to define the rules on how borders will be displayed within a table.  The paramater requires the use of the border= parameter and can only be used when the <TBODY>, <TFOOT> and <THEAD> table segments have been defined.

Allowable values are: all, basic, cols, none and rows.

<TABLE>

Example:

rules=all
scrolling=

Controls whether or not scrolling is permitted within frames in a framed HTML document.

Allowed values are yes and no.

<FRAME>

Example:

scrolling=no
shape=

Defines the shape of a clickable area within a mapped inline image.  The coords parameter must also be supplied to define the area which the shape encloses.

Allowed values are circle, poly and rect.

<MAP>

Example:

shape=rect coords="1,1,10,10"
size=

Declares the size of an object or text in an HTML document. Depending on the command this parameter may be expressed by a standard set of values or by actual pixels.  Is also used to set the number or extent of choices in a form.

Allowable values of the size of text are in the range from 1 to 7 where 1 is the smallest.  Unless redefined by the <BASEFONT> statement, the default font size is 3.

<BASEFONT> <FONT>

Example:

size=1
The depth of a horizontal rule is expressed in pixels.

<HR>

Example:

size=20
Sets the number of available choices in a form and is expressed as an integer.

<SELECT>

Example:

size=7
span=

Used to indicate the span of a column group in the Internet Explorer table options.

Expressed as an integer corresponding to the number of columns in a table column group.  Used only by the Internet Explorer browser.

<COLGROUP>

Example:

span=4
src="  "

Defines the source of an HTML object, generally an image or a file.

Expressed as the URL (Uniform Resource Locator) of the image, element, file or object to be placed.

<EMBED> <IMG>

Example:

src="http://www.xmp.org/images/dot.gif"
start=

Specifies the starting value for an ordered list.  The list item identifiers displayed will depend on the value used for the list type.

Expressed as an integer.  When used in conjuction with a type parameter other than numeric it will specify the nth value in sequence, i.e., 5 would produce E. as the displayed list item identifier if type A were specified.

<OL>

Example:

start=5
target="  "

Defines the target location for the display of HTML code in a framed document.  Defines the browser window which is the target of the HTML code referenced in a hypertext anchor.

Can be any unique target name or can be drawn from a list of reserved target names which have special meanings and produce standard results:

_blank  - loads the code into a fresh browser window.
_self   - replaces what is currently displayed in the
          browser window.
_parent - replaces what is currently displayed in the
          parent window.
_top    - loads the code into a fresh browser window.

When used in a hypertext anchor statement the code at the specified URL is loaded into the targeted location in a framed document or into a standard location.  It can be used to force the display of a page into another copy of the browser or to replace entirely the contents of the currently displayed page, thereby releasing the browser from a previous framed display.

<A> <FRAME>

Example:

target="_top"
text=

Defines the default text color for an HTML document.

Expressed as a named color or as the hexadecimal code of a specific color in #RRGGBB format.  The default text color, unless overridden by the user in the local browser settings, is black.

<BODY>

Examples:

text="black"text="#000000"
title="  "

Used to indicate the title of an external Style Sheet.

Any Style Sheet title name.

<LINK>

Example:

title="My_Style_1"
topmargin=

Used in the Internet Explorer browser to set the top page margin for an HTML document.

Expressed in pixels.  See also:  leftmargin.

<BODY>

Example:

topmargin=50
type="  "

Used to define the style of an ordered or unordered list.

One of several standard values must be used for ordered lists:

A - capital letters
a - lowercase letters
I - capital Roman numerals
i - lowercase Roman numerals
1 - numerical
.

<OL>

Example:

type="A"
One of several standard values must be used for unordered lists:

circle - a filled circular bullet
disk   - a hollow circular bullet
square - a filled square bullet
.

<UL>

Example:

type="disk"
urn="  "

Provides the Uniform Resource Name of an Internet resource.  The use of URNs in place of URLs is controversial.  Very few URNs have been established or proposed.

Expressed as an URN (Uniform Resource Name).

<A>

usemap="  "

Indicates the location of a server-side image map to be used in conjunction with an mapped inline image.

Expressed as the URL (Uniform Resource Locator) of the map file corresponding to the loaded inline image.

<IMG>

Example:

usemap="../maps/color1.map"
valign=

Determines the vertical alignment of text or an element or object.

Only values top, middle (center) and bottom are permitted.

All commands using this parameter.

Example:

valign=top
vlink=

Defines the default color displayed by a visited link.

Expressed as a named color or as the hexadecimal code of a specific color in #RRGGBB format.

<BODY>

Examples:

vlink="cyan"vlink="#00ffff"
vspace=

Defines the vertical standoff or amount of white space surrounding an object or element.

Expressed in pixels.

All commands using this parameter.

Example:

vspace=10
width=

Defines the width of an object or element.

Expressed either in pixels or as a percent of the space available for display.

All commands using this parameter.

Examples:

width=600width=75%

Select the Letter Corresponding to an HTML Command Parameter
A B C D E F G H  I  J K L M
N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Author: Randy D. Ralph.  In place March 1, 1999.  Copyright © 1999 NetStrider.  World rights reserved.

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